Padua's Orto Botanico was founded in 1545 by the Venetian Republic so that medical students could learn to tell real medicinal plants from dangerous look-alikes, and it has stayed in the same place ever since, making it the oldest academic botanical garden in the world still at its original site.
Its layout is the point: a square inscribed in a circle 84 meters across, cut into four beds by paths to the cardinal directions, designed by the Venetian nobleman Daniele Barbaro. The oldest plant, Goethe's palm, a dwarf palm planted in 1585, grows in its own greenhouse; Goethe cited it in his essay on the metamorphosis of plants. UNESCO inscribed the garden in 1997, and today it grows some six thousand kinds of plants.





