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Bova Marina Synagogue

A 4th-century synagogue mosaic, Italy's second-oldest, uncovered by chance at Bova Marina in 1983.

  • Reggio Calabria
  • Archaeological site
Where
Reggio Calabria
Best for
Menorah mosaic floor
Allow
45 minutes
Best time
Any weekday morning

Road workers modernizing a street in 1983 uncovered the remains of the second-oldest synagogue found in Italy, a fourth-to-sixth-century building whose thirty-square-meter mosaic floor still carries a menorah, a shofar, an etrog and palm branch, and a Solomon's knot worked in tesserae.

Archaeologists first mistook the two-chamber structure for a Roman villa until the Jewish symbols surfaced. Only the Ostia Antica synagogue near Rome is older. The finds and a reconstruction of the mosaic are displayed at the small on-site Museo Archeoderi, part of an archaeological park now managed by Calabria's regional museum authority, and a rabbi from the small local Jewish community sometimes leads tours of the site.

Three things worth finding

If you see nothing else, see these.

  1. The menorah mosaic floorLate antique craftsmen, 4th to 6th century

    About thirty square meters of tesserae inside a leaf-and-fruit border, with sixteen panels of rosettes and Solomon’s knots. The menorah sits in the center, with the etrog and palm branch on one side and the shofar on the other.Floor of the main hall

  2. The two-room buildingLate antique, 4th to 6th century

    A vestibule and a square hall. Excavators first took it for a Roman villa until the Jewish symbols appeared in the floor.Archaeological park beside the museum

  3. The Museo Archeoderi

    A small on-site museum shows finds and a reconstruction of the mosaic, which helps you read the floor.Next to the excavation

Plan your visit

Everything you need before you go.

Booking
No booking needed
Time needed
45 minutes
Best time
Any weekday morning; call ahead, since opening depends on staff availability
Getting there
In Bova Marina on the Ionian coast, about 40 km southeast of Reggio Calabria, just off the SS106 coastal road.

Ask locally whether the rabbi is leading a tour that day: his explanation of the mosaic's symbols adds far more than a self-guided visit.

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Good to know

How long should you spend at the Bova Marina Synagogue?

About 45 minutes. The excavation and the small museum are compact, so the time goes into looking closely at the mosaic and its symbols. It fits easily into a coastal drive.

Is the Bova Marina Synagogue worth visiting?

Yes, if you care about Jewish history or late antiquity. It is the oldest synagogue building found in Italy after the one at Ostia Antica, and the floor is unusually legible. It is a small stop rather than a full day.

Do you need to book the Bova Marina Synagogue?

It is wise to call ahead. Opening depends on staff availability, so turning up without checking can mean a closed gate. A weekday morning is usually the safest time.

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